目的 探究颈侧方入路甲状腺癌根治术在临床应用中的有效性和安全性,评估其在甲状腺癌根治手术中的临床价值,为临床决策提供科学依据。方法 选择2023年1—12月收治的160例单侧甲状腺癌根治术患者,采用随机数字表法分为两组。其中对照组80例,行传统颈前正中入路手术治疗;研究组80例,行颈侧方入路手术。对比两组间的治疗效果与安全性。结果 研究组手术时间长于对照组,但术中出血量少于对照组,患者术后引流管拔管时间短于对照组,甲状腺功能优于对照组,对切口美观满意率高于对照组,术后并发症发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 颈侧方入路甲状腺癌根治术是一种安全有效的手术方法,对于甲状腺癌的治疗具有重要意义,其手术创伤小、术后并发症发生率较低,在确保肿瘤治疗效果的同时改善了甲状腺功能,也顾及了患者的美容需求。

Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of lateral cervical approach for radical thyroidectomy in clinical application, evaluate its clinical value in thyroid cancer radical surgery, and provide a scientific basis for clinical decision making. Methods A total of 160 patients who underwent unilateral thyroid cancer radical surgery from January 2023 to December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The control group included 80 patients who underwent traditional anterior cervical median approach surgery, and the study group included 80 patients who underwent lateral cervical approach surgery. Treatment efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups. Results The study group had significantly longer surgical time, less intraoperative blood loss, shorter postoperative extubation time, better thyroid function, higher satisfaction with incision aesthetics, and lower postoperative complications compared to the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Lateral cervical approach radical thyroidectomy is a safe and effective surgical method, which is of great significance for the treatment of thyroid cancer. It features small surgical trauma and low incidence of postoperative complications, improves thyroid function while ensuring the effect of tumor treatment, and also takes into account the aesthetic needs of patients.