Primary liver cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder cancer are highly prevalent and fatal forms of malignant tumors of the digestive system worldwide. Radical surgical resection is the core treatment approach for these patients to achieve long-term survival. Hepatobiliary surgical procedures are characterised by intricate anatomical structures and a high prevalence of anatomical variations. Not only is the risk control during the operation extremely difficult, but the diagnosis and treatment decisions also highly rely on the clinical experience of the surgeon. This has thereby become the key bottleneck restricting the development of hepatobiliary surgery towards more precise and minimally invasive techniques. In recent years, artificial intelligence （AI） technology, centered on deep learning, computer vision, and machine learning, has witnessed rapid development and has deeply permeated the entire diagnosis and treatment process of hepatobiliary tumor surgery, covering preoperative assessment and clinical decision-making, intraoperative intelligent assistance and safety guarantee, postoperative outcome prediction, and perioperative management, as well as the skills training and standardized training of surgeons. This review discussed the application status and research progress of AI technology in the field of hepatobiliary tumor surgery, analyzed the core challenges faced by current technology in clinical implementation, and put forward to future development directions, aiming to provide reliable theoretical references and practical ideas for the intelligent development of hepatobiliary tumor surgery.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of shikonin （SK） solution and shikonin-quaternized chitosan hydrogel composite （SK-QPP） in the treatment of diabetic lower leg wounds. Methods Sixty patients with diabetic lower leg wounds admitted to our hospital from January to December 2025 were selected and randomly divided into an SK group, an SK-QPP group, and a control group, with 20 cases in each group. The control group received routine treatment, while the other two groups were treated with topical SK solution and SK-QPP after debridement, respectively. Wound healing rate, effective rate, healing time, and adverse reactions were compared among the three groups. Results At 1, 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the wound healing rate rank was SK-QPP group > SK group > control group （P<0.05）. The wound healing time was （16.24±2.87） d in the SK-QPP group, （19.68±3.12） d in the SK group, and （28.53±4.21） d in the control group （P<0.05）. The effective rate was the highest in the SK-QPP group （95.0%）, followed by the SK group （85.0%） and the control group （65.0%） （P<0.05）. There were no significant differences in adverse reactions among the three groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion Both SK solution and SK-QPP can improve the healing effect of diabetic lower leg wounds, shorten the treatment course, and show good safety, and SK-QPP has better efficacy and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To explore the feasibility and potential of large language models （LLMs） in streamlining risk assessment process of coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG）, with a focus on interpretability and clinic applicability. Methods Using clinical data from 1 372 CABG patients at two cardiac centers, the OpenAI GPT-o3 model was used to process preoperative information to create a simplified risk assessment model via few-shot prompting. This LLM-based model's performance was compared to the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation Ⅱ （EuroSCOREⅡ） for consistency and accuracy. Results LLMs excelled at detecting high surgical risks and generating structured risk assessments, surpassing EuroSCOREⅡ in area under the curve （AUC） of receiver operating characteristic, sensitivity, and specificity, thus better identifying high-risk patients. Conclusion LLMs can create and simplify surgical risk assessment models with strong clinical use, potentially complementing or replacing current cardiac surgery risk assessment tools and offering new options for personalized risk evaluation and decision support in clinical settings.

Objective To investigate the occurrence of symptoms of breast cancer patients during postoperative rehabilitation period, analyze the characteristics of symptom clusters and their influencing factors, and provide a basis for developing targeted medical interventions. Methods A total of 218 breast cancer patients treated at Yulin First People’s Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were enrolled. The General Information Questionnaire and the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory （MDASI） were used for assessment. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to identify symptom clusters, and general linear regression was conducted to analyze their influencing factors. Results Three symptom clusters were identified among the breast cancer patients during postoperative rehabilitation period： the emotional-sleep symptom cluster, the gastrointestinal-metabolic symptom cluster, and the neurological-pain symptom cluster. General linear regression analysis showed that age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group （ECOG） performance status scale score, regular exercise, and postoperative chemotherapy were influencing factors of the emotional-sleep symptom cluster; ECOG performance status scale score, regular exercise, and postoperative chemotherapy were influencing factors of the gastrointestinal-metabolic symptom cluster; and chronic disease comobidity, ECOG performance status scale score, and postoperative radiotherapy were influencing factors of the neurological-pain symptom cluster. Conclusion Breast cancer patients experience multiple complications during postoperative rehabilitation, showing distinct symptom cluster characteristics. Clinical care should focus on the influencing factors of different symptom clusters to develop evidence-based and individualized medical interventions that promote postoperative recovery and improve patients’ quality of life.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine in transperineal prostate biopsy. Methods Eighty patients who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy from January 2025 to October 2025 were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The control group （40 cases） received intravenous infusion of physiological saline, while the observation group （40 cases） received intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine. The hemodynamic indicators, sedative and analgesic effects, and cognitive function of the two groups were compared. Results The average arterial pressure and heart rate of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at the time of insertion of the laryngeal mask, the beginning of surgery, and 20 min after surgery （P<0.05）. The sedation scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at the time of removal of the laryngeal mask, 2 h after surgery, and 6 h after surgery （P<0.05）. The frequency of body movements and agitation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. The pain relief scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at 2, 4, 6, and 12 h after surgery （P<0.05）. The cognitive function scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group on postoperative day 1, 3, and 7 （P<0.05）. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can improve the sedative and analgesic effects in transperineal prostate biopsy, stabilize hemodynamics, and promote cognitive function recovery.

Objective To investigate the effects of phased rehabilitation training centered on modulating neural signaling pathways on pain and joint range of motion in total knee arthroplasty patients. Methods Sixty-eight patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty admitted between June 2021 and June 2025 were randomly assigned to an observation group （n=34） and a control group （n=34）. The control group received conventional rehabilitation therapy, while the observation group underwent phased rehabilitation training centered on regulating neural signaling pathways. Pain visual analog scale （VAS） score and joint range of motion Fugl-Meyer assessment （FMA） were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, both groups demonstrated significantly improved knee joint function scores, reduced VAS scores, along with increased motor function and joint pain scores. The observation group exhibited superior improvements across all metrics compared to the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Compared to conventional rehabilitation, phased rehabilitation training centered on regulating neural signaling pathways may more effectively alleviate postoperative pain, enhance joint range of motion and function, and promote recovery in total knee arthroplasty patients.

Objective To compare the effects of ultrasound-guided femoral triangle block （FTB） versus adductor canal block （ACB） on patients' postoperative self-care ability （Barthel Index） and cognitive function Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE） score. Methods A total of 88 elderly patients with degenerative knee osteoarthritis and receiving knee arthroplasty were retrospectively included and divided into the FTB group （n=46） and the ACB group （n=42） according to the method of peripheral nerve block. Indicators including anesthesia recovery, pain score visual analog scale （VAS） score, MMSE score, and Barthel Index were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results The FTB group showed shorter anesthesia recovery time, higher excellent-good rate of anesthesia 97.83% vs 83.33%, P<0.05, lower resting and activity VAS scores at various time points after anesthesia （12 h, 24 h, and 72 h）, as well as higher MMSE and Barthel Index scores than the ACB group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the FTB group than in the ACB group （6.52% vs 26.19%, P<0.05）. Conclusion Compared to ACB, FTB demonstrates greater advantages for elderly total knee arthroplasty. It promotes anesthesia recovery, alleviates pain and adverse cognitive impact, enhances self-care ability, offers better safety, and contributes to enhanced recovery after surgery.

Objective To compare the effects of different pleural fixation methods in thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery and investigate their significance for rapid rehabilitation surgery. Methods A total of 100 lung cancer patients with a high risk of postoperative lung air leakage from October 2023 to May 2024 were selected as study subjects, and randomly divided into two groups with 50 cases in each group. Both groups underwent preventive pleuropexy during thoracoscopic surgery. The control group was only subjected to simple gauze ball friction on the pariferus pleura, and the observation group was additionally subjected to 50% hypertonic glucose solution 100 mL+2% lidocaine 5mL spray evenly on the lung surface and wound surface. The incidence, degree, duration of lung air leakage, retention time of thoracic drainage tube, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of postoperative pulmonary air leakage in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）, but the degree of air leakage was not statistically different between the two groups （P>0.05）. The duration of postoperative lung air leakage and retention time of thoracic drainage tube in observation group were shorter than those in control group, and the incidence of chest pain was lower in the observation group than in control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of 50% hypertonic glucose solution combined with 2% lidocaine for spraying lung surface and wound surface in thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery can effectively prevent postoperative lung air leakage, reduce the risk of persistent lung air leakage, and help shorten the retention time of thoracic drainage tube.

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of modified minimally invasive tooth extraction technique in impacted wisdom tooth extraction and the effect on postoperative swelling control. Methods A prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with impacted wisdom teeth admitted from April 2024 to January 2026. The patients were divided into two groups using the random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group underwent conventional minimally invasive tooth extraction, while the observation group underwent modified minimally invasive tooth extraction. The postoperative complications, degree of postoperative swelling, and degree of postoperative pain were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 2.00%, which was lower than that in the control group （14.00%） （P<0.05）. At 2 h and 72 h after surgery, the degrees of swelling and pain in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Modified minimally invasive tooth extraction can effectively treat impacted wisdom teeth, reduce postoperative complications, alleviate postoperative swelling and pain symptoms, and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To compare the effects of iRoot SP single-cone filling method and AH Plus warm vertical condensation technique on postoperative pain levels in patients undergoing root canal treatment. Methods A total of 200 patients who underwent root canal treatment from October 2022 to October 2024 were enrolled and divided into an observation group （n=100, iRoot SP single-cone filling technique） and a control group （n=100, AH Plus warm vertical condensation technique） according to the different obturation methods. The pain levels at various stages after treatment and the treatment outcomes at three months postoperatively were compared between the two groups. Results Before the surgery, there was no statistically significant difference in the numerical rating scale （NRS） pain scores between the two groups of patients （P>0.05）. On days 1, 3, 5, and 7 postoperatively, the NRS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The treatment effectiveness rate in the observation group was 98%, which was higher than 90% in the control group （χ²=4.344, P<0.05）. Conclusion The use of iRoot SP single-cone filling method in root canal treatment can reduce postoperative pain levels in patients and result in better treatment outcomes 3 months postoperatively compared to the traditional AH Plus warm vertical condensation technique.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for recurrence within one year after thyroid lobectomy in patients with benign thyroid nodules. Methods A total of 228 patients with unilateral benign thyroid nodules were selected as study subjects and all received unilateral thyroid lobectomy treatment （i.e. total resection of the unilateral lobe）. They were divided into a recurrence group （n=32） and a non-recurrence group （n=196） based on whether recurrence occurred within one year after surgery. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of recurrence within one year after surgery in these patients. Results The recurrence rate within one year after surgery for patients with benign thyroid nodules was 14.04% （32/228）. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors influencing recurrence within one year after surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules included nodules ≥ 3 cm, multiple nodules, mixed type nodules, and elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH） levels （P<0.05）. Conclusion Recurrence after unilateral total thyroid lobectomy is closely related to multiple factors, mainly including nodules ≥ 3 cm, multiple nodules, mixed type nodules, and elevated TSH levels. For patients with high-risk factors, close follow-up and monitoring are required to reduce the recurrence rate after surgery.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of flexible negative pressure suction sheath combined with ureteroscope in the treatment of 1-3 cm renal stones and the risk factors for postoperative infection. Methods The study enrolled 100 patients with 1-3 cm renal stones in our hospital from January to December 2025. All patients were treated by flexible negative pressure suction sheath combined with ureteroscope lithotripsy. General patient information, stone characteristics, operation time, primary stone clearance rate, hospital stay, and complications were recorded. Patients were divided into an infection group and a non-infection group based on whether postoperative infection complications occurred. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the risk factors for postoperative infection. Results All 100 patients successfully completed the surgery without conversion to open surgery or percutaneous surgery. The primary stone clearance rate was 92.0% （92/100）, with a stone-free rate of 78.0% and residual stones ≤ 4 mm accounting for 14.0%. The average operation time was （62.4±15.8） min, and the average hospital stay was （4.6±1.3） d. The postoperative complication incidence rate was 13.0% （13/100）, mainly Clavien-Dindo grade I-II. Seven cases （7.0%） developed infection-related complications after surgery, mainly presenting as fever or urinary tract infection. All patients improved after aggressive anti-infection and symptomatic treatment, with no severe sepsis or deaths. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that preoperative positive urine culture, prolonged operation time, and large stone burden were independent risk factors for postoperative infection （P<0.05）. Conclusion Flexible negative pressure suction sheath combined with ureteroscope is effective in the treatment of patients with 1-3 cm renal stones, with a high stone clearance rate and few complications. The occurrence of postoperative infection in patients is related to factors such as preoperative urinary tract infection status, stone burden, and operation duration. Preoperative assessment, infection control, and optimization of surgical procedures can further reduce the risk of postoperative infection in the patients, and are worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective To explore the effects of laparoscopy combined with endoscopy on perioperative indicators and inflammatory factors in patients with hepatobiliary calculous diseases. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 90 patients with hepatobiliary calculi diseases admitted to the First Hospital of Sanming City, Fujian Province from January 2020 to December 2024. According to surgical methods, they were divided into a study group （60 cases, treated with laparoscopic combined with endoscopic surgery） and a control group （30 cases, treated with traditional open surgery）. Comparisons between the two groups included perioperative indicators （operation time, intraoperative blood loss volume, postoperative exhaust time, and length of hospital stay）, inflammatory factors C-reactive protein （CRP）, and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, and changes in liver function indicators alanine transaminase （ALT）, aspartate transaminase （AST）, total bilirubin （TBil）, and γ-glutamyl transferase （GGT）. Results Compared with the control group, the study group had less intraoperative blood loss, shorter operation time, postoperative exhaust time, and hospital stay, and lower inflammatory factors, liver function levels, and incidence of complications; all differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of laparoscopy combined with endoscopy in the treatment of hepatobiliary calculous diseases has a remarkable therapeutic effect. It reduces intraoperative blood loss, shortens operation time, exhaust time, and hospital stay, effectively lowers the levels of inflammatory factors, improves liver function, and shows a high safety.

Objective To compare the impact of abdominal transverse small incision inguinal hernia repair and laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair （TAPP） on inflammation and pain of patients with inguinal hernia. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 80 patients with inguinal hernia admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to December 2025. According to the surgical method, they were divided into an open group （n=40, undergoing abdominal transverse small incision hernia repair） and an abdominal group （n=40, undergoing TAPP）. The levels of inflammatory factors C-reactive protein （CRP）, interleukin 6 （IL-6）, tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α）, pain intensity visual analog scale （VAS） score, and postoperative complications at different time points between the groups were compared. Results The increase in inflammatory indicators CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the abdominal group at 24 and 72 h after surgery was lower than that in the open group （P<0.05）. The VAS scores in the abdominal group at each time point were also lower than those in the open group （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion Compared with the abdominal transverse small incision surgery, TAPP can reduce systemic inflammatory response after trauma, alleviate early pain, and not increase the risk of additional complications, which is helpful for rapid recovery of patients and worthy of promotion in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of miniscalpel-needle combined with Tongbi Huoluo Decoction on pain and spinal stability in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation （LDH）. Methods The clinical data of 96 patients with LDH admitted to the Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation Medicine of Jingzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2022 to October 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the treatment plans, they were divided into a control group （conventional Western medicine treatment, n=48） and a research group （miniscalpel-needle combined with Tongbi Huoluo Decoction on the basis of the control group, n=48）. Function and symptom scores, spinal stability indicators （sagittal displacement, angular displacement, disc height index of L4/L5 and L5/S1 segments）, serum inflammatory factor levels, and adverse reactions were evaluated. Results Before treatment, the baseline of all iindicators was comparable between the two gruops （P>0.05）. After treatment, the visual analog scale （VAS） and Oswestry disablity index （ODI） scores decreased significantly, while the Japanese Orthopaedic Association （JOA） scores increased significantly in both groups （P<0.05）; the research group showed lower VAS and ODI scores, and higher JOA scores than the control group （P<0.05）. Regarding spinal stability, sagittal and angular displacement decreased in both groups, with more significant improvement in the research group （P<0.05）. Serum interleukin-6 （IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） levels were also significantly decreased in both groups, and lower levels were found in the research group （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion On the basis of conventional Western medicine treatment, miniscalpel-needle micro-invasive loosening combined with Tongbi Huoluo Decoction can further improve the function and relieve the symptoms of LDH patients, enhance dynamic spinal stability, and reduce inflammatory response with good safety.

Anal sinusitis is a common clinical condition in proctology, primarily involving infection of the anal glands and anal sinuses. Its main clinical manifestations include pain, anal heaviness, and increased secretions. Due to its unique anatomical characteristics, it is prone to recurrent episodes, and delayed intervention can easily lead to perianal abscess formation. Traditional treatments mainly consist of conservative therapy and surgical intervention, but clinical efficacy remains suboptimal. Based on this, this paper introducd the pathogenesis of anal sinusitis, analyzed the limitations of conservative treatment, and reviewed the clinical research progress of anal sinus excision and decompression combined with Puji hemorrhoid suppository in the treatment of anal sinusitis.

Objective To classify and analyze the causes of faults in large medical equipment and propose maintenance management strategies to improve equipment utilization efficiency and ensure medical quality and safety. Methods Based on the fault data of medical equipment at Jiangwan Hospital, fishbone diagram method was adopted for hierarchical analysis of equipment faults, mainly from four dimensions： mechanical faults, human factors, management problems, and environmental issues. Results Mechanical faults accounted for the dominant proportion, especially in equipment such as computed tomography （CT）, digital subtraction agiography （DSA）, linear accelerators （LA）, and magnetic resonance （MR）, where mechanical wear of core components, aging of electronic components, and environmental factors had significant impacts on equipment performance. In addition, improper operation and management negligence also contributed to equipment faults to a certain extent. Conclusion In response to the fault causes, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures： strengthening hardware maintenance and regular replacement, optimizing operation training and knowledge assessment, establishing a refined management system, and enhancing environmental monitoring and regulation mechanisms. Meanwhile, it is recommended to construct a full life cycle management system for medical equipment, realizing closed-loop quality control from procurement, use, to disposal, so as to comprehensively improve the reliability and utilization efficiency of equipment.

Procurement management in public hospitals is a key point for internal risk prevention and control, and also a top priority for the construction of hospital party conduct and clean governance. This paper discussed issues related to risk prevention and control in the procurement management of public hospitals. It systematically analyzed the risk points in current public hospital procurement management, and combined practical cases in hospital environments to propose an optimization path from four dimensions： operational mechanism, system, process, and supervision. This path is to strengthen Party’s leadership role through a sound decision-making mechanism, perfect the system framework to consolidate compliance foundations, standardize the procurement process to achieve precise risk control, and integrate supervisory resources to enhance supervision efficiency. Research has shown that systematic procurement risk prevention and control strategies can effectively prevent against corruption risks, improve capital efficiency, and promote high-quality development of hospitals.

As the brain of the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） system, the technological development of MRI spectrometer is always deeply bound to the improvement in the overall MRI performance, the expansion of clinical applications, and the demand for scientific research innovation. MRI spectrometers have evolved from an initial timing control and signal acquisition device into a complex system integrating real-time control, multi-channel signal processing, intelligent reconstruction, safety monitoring, and intelligent clinical workflow management, and their support role in clinical diagnosis and scientific research has become increasingly prominent. From the system architecture and users’ view, this paper analyzed the core functions and practical application requirements of spectrometers at each level, and proposed several future development directions for spectrometers, including more physical channels, closer integration with artificial intelligence, open-source design, and scalable spectrometer architectures.

Objective To analyze the distribution profiles and influencing factors of common laboratory critical values in the intensive care units （ICUs） of Class A tertiary hospitals, providing a reference for clinicians to formulate corresponding diagnosis and treatment strategies. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to collect laboratory critical value reports from the ICUs of a Class A tertiary hospital in Shanghai from January 2023 to December 2023, and analyze patient gender, age, surgical conditions, departments of the ICUs, and critical value items. Using the Pareto principle, the items that accounted for the top 80% of laboratory critical values were considered common laboratory critical values, and were analyzed by department, gender, perioperative/non-perioperative, and age group to determine the influencing factors of these 80% critical values, with a focus on the 20% of influencing factors. Results A total of 1075 cases with laboratory critical value data were collected from 5 ICUs, and the items that accounted for the top 80% of laboratory critical values included elevated troponin, elevated urea nitrogen, hypokalemia, elevated creatinine, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia, which were mainly distributed in patients from the department of orthopedics, general surgery, urology, and neurosurgery during perioperative period. The most common items in perioperative period were elevated troponin in 267 cases （27.81%）, hypokalemia in 120 cases （12.50%）, and elevated creatinine in 105 cases （10.94%）. According to age group, there were 189 cases of critical values in middle-aged people （45-59 years）, accounting for 17.58%; 443 cases occurred in young elderly people （60-74 years）, accounting for 41.21%; 278 cases in elderly patients （75-89 years）, accounting for 25.86%. Conclusion The ICUs should pay attention to common laboratory critical values such as elevated troponin, elevated urea nitrogen, hypokalemia, elevated creatinine, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia, and take timely and predictable diagnostic and treatment measures to improve the success rate of rescue and patient survival.

Objective To investigate the effects of enteral nutrition （EN） and combined enteral and parenteral nutrition （EN+PN） on clinical efficacy and nutritional status in patients with acute liver failure, as well as to compare the safety between the two nutritional support methods. Methods Clinical data of 60 patients diagnosed with acute liver failure who received EN or EN+PN nutritional support during hospitalization from January 2018 to June 2023 were collected. These patients were divided into two groups： the EN group （n=30） and the EN+PN group （n=30）. Statistical analysis was performed on the clinical efficacy （2-week improvement rate of clinical symptoms and signs, and 4-week survival）, liver function-related indicators serum albumin （Alb）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, total bilirubin （TBil）, and prothrombin time （PT）, nutritional status upper arm circumference, body mass index, and diagnosis rate of malnutrition based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition （GLIM） criteria, and complications related to nutritional support in the two groups. Results The improvements in liver function indicators （ALT, AST, TBil, and Alb）, upper arm circumference, and BMI in the EN+PN group were significantly greater than those in the EN group, and the overall improvement in clinical symptoms and signs was also superior （P < 0.05）. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of nutrition support‑related complications between the two groups （P > 0.05）. Conclusion The EN+PN nutritional support method is superior to the EN nutritional support method in improving the nutritional status, promoting liver function recovery, and increasing survival in patients with acute liver failure. It is also safe and effective.