目的 探究胸腔镜下肺癌切除术围手术期实施呼吸指导对患者肺功能及并发症的影响。方法 选取2021年2月—2024年7月期间收治的拟行胸腔镜下肺癌切除术患者80例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例。在围手术期,对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组在对照组的基础上采用呼吸指导。对两组患者干预后的肺功能指标、术后恢复相关指标及并发症发生情况进行对比分析。结果 干预前,两组患者的肺功能指标[第1 秒用力呼出气体容积（FEV₁）、肺活量（VC）及用力肺活量（FVC）]差异无统计学意义;干预后,观察组上述肺功能指标均高于对照组,两组差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组术后排气所需时长、初次离床时间均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组的并发症发生率仅为7.50%,低于对照组的32.50%,差异有统计学意义（χ²=7.813,P<0.05）。结论 对胸腔镜下肺癌切除术患者围手术期实施呼吸指导,在改善患者肺功能的同时可减少并发症发生;提示该干预措施具有临床应用价值。

Objective To investigate the effect of perioperative respiratory guidance on lung function and complications in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer resection. Methods This study selected 80 perioperative patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer resection from February 2021 to July 2024. The study subjects were divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing interventions, while the observation group received respiratory guidance on the basis of the control group. Lung function indicators after invervention, postoperative recovery indicators, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results Before intervention, there was no significant difference in pulmonary function indexes [forced expiratory volume in 1 s （FEV₁）, vital capacity （VC）, and forced vital capacity （FVC）] between the two groups. After intervention, the lung function indicators of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group （P<0.05）. The observation group had significantly lower postoperative exhaust time and initial out-of-bed time than the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of complications in the observation group was only 7.50%, lower than 32.50% in the control group （χ²=7.813,P<0.05）. Conclusion Respiratory guidance during the perioperative period for patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer resection can improve their lung function while reducing the incidence of complications, which has clinical significance.