目的 对比分析普通软镜鞘与可弯曲负压吸引鞘结合输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术在泌尿系统结石治疗中的临床疗效。方法 选取2023年4月—2025年8月在本院接受治疗的泌尿系统结石患者120例,根据治疗方案的不同分为观察组（可弯曲负压吸引鞘结合输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术）和对照组（普通软镜鞘结合输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术）,每组各60例。对两组患者的手术期指标、结石清除率、术后疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分]、炎症指标（白细胞计数、C反应蛋白）以及术后并发症发生率等情况进行比较。结果 与对照组相比,观察组手术时间、鞘置入及取出时间缩短（P<0.05）,一次性结石清除率增加,术后残石率、VAS评分、白细胞计数、C反应蛋白水平、并发症总发生率降低,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 可弯曲负压吸引鞘结合输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术在泌尿系统结石的治疗中,可提高手术效率与结石清除率,减轻术后疼痛及炎症反应,降低并发症发生率,安全性良好,具有显著的临床应用价值。

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of holmium laser lithotripsy combined with ordinary flexible ureteroscope sheath and flexible negative pressure suction sheath for urinary system stones. Methods A total of 120 patients with urinary system stones who underwent treatment in our hospital from April 2023 to August 2025 were selected. All study subjects were divided into two groups based on different treatment methods, namely an observation group （holmium laser lithotripsy combined with flexible negative pressure suction sheath） and a control group （holmium laser lithotripsy combined with ordinary flexible ureteroscope sheath）, with 60 cases in each group. Surgical indicators, stone clearance rate, postoperative pain level [visual analog scale （VAS） score], inflammation indicators （white blood cell count, C-reactive protein）, and incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups of patients. Results The surgical time, sheath insertion time, and sheath removal time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group （P<0.05）; the one-time stone clearance rate of the observation group patients was significantly higher than that of the control group （P>0.05）; the postoperative residual stone rate, VAS score, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein level, and total incidence rate of complications of the observation group were lower than those of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The combination of flexible negative pressure suction sheath and ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy can improve surgical efficiency and stone clearance rate, reduce postoperative pain and inflammatory response, and lower the incidence of complications in the treatment of urinary system stones, showing good safety and significant clinical application value.