目的 研究右美托咪定在经会阴前列腺穿刺活检术中的应用效果。方法 择取2025年1月—2025年10月收治的80例拟行经会阴前列腺穿刺活检术患者,通过随机数字表法分为对照组（静脉滴注生理盐水辅助麻醉,n=40）和观察组（静脉滴注右美托咪定辅助麻醉,n=40）,比较两组血流动力学、镇静镇痛效果与认知功能。结果 置入喉罩时、手术开始时、手术15 min时观察组平均动脉压、心率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）;拔出喉罩时、术后2 h、术后6 h,观察组镇静评分显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组体动次数与躁动次数显著少于对照组（P<0.05）。术后2、4、6、12 h,观察组镇痛评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。术后1、3、7 d,观察组认知功能评分显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 右美托咪定可提高经会阴前列腺穿刺活检术的镇静镇痛效果,稳定血流动力学,促进认知功能恢复。

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine in transperineal prostate biopsy. Methods Eighty patients who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy from January 2025 to October 2025 were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The control group （40 cases） received intravenous infusion of physiological saline, while the observation group （40 cases） received intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine. The hemodynamic indicators, sedative and analgesic effects, and cognitive function of the two groups were compared. Results The average arterial pressure and heart rate of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at the time of insertion of the laryngeal mask, the beginning of surgery, and 20 min after surgery （P<0.05）. The sedation scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at the time of removal of the laryngeal mask, 2 h after surgery, and 6 h after surgery （P<0.05）. The frequency of body movements and agitation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. The pain relief scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at 2, 4, 6, and 12 h after surgery （P<0.05）. The cognitive function scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group on postoperative day 1, 3, and 7 （P<0.05）. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can improve the sedative and analgesic effects in transperineal prostate biopsy, stabilize hemodynamics, and promote cognitive function recovery.