Object To investigate the prevention measures, and treatment of re-expansion pulmonary edema. Methods Clinical data of 12 patients with RPE were retrospectively analyzed. Results 11 patients were cured, 1 patient reported dead because of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) complicated with multiple organ failure(MOF). Conclusion RPE is a rare and serious complication in the process of pulmonary complex, and it is important for prevention and early diagnosis and treatment.

目的 探讨复张性肺水肿（RPE）的预防、诊断及治疗。 方法 回顾性分析12例复张性肺水肿患者的临床资料。结果 治愈11例，死亡1例，死亡原因为急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）并发全身多器官功能衰竭（MOF）。结论 复张性肺水肿（RPE）是肺复张过程中少见而严重的并发症，重在预防和早期的诊断治疗。