摘要：目的 通过分析诊断、治疗及治疗效果，研究微创性治疗对乳腺脓肿是否有效。方法 回顾性分析2013年1月至2015年12月我院收治的110例乳腺炎及可疑乳腺脓肿患者的临床资料，采用保守治疗，超声引导下细针穿刺治疗，置管引流，手术切开排脓等方法进行治疗，用统计学方法分析各组治疗效果及并发症。同时还对所有患者的流行病学高危因素进行分析。结果 其中，29%的患者行单纯性抗生素保守治疗；51%的患者行超声引导下穿刺治疗或置管引流；20%的患者行手术切开排脓。超声引导下的微创治疗有7%的患者发生早期并发症，手术组0%；而微创组的晚期并发症仅有5%，手术组则高达30%。结论 超声引导下的细针穿刺联合使用抗生素，能够有效治疗大部分乳腺脓肿，即使脓腔较大的乳腺脓肿，通过放置引流管，治疗依然有效。
Summary: Background: The aim of our study was to analyze diagnostic results, different treatment modalities, and the outcome of patients with breast abscesses, to determine whether minimally invasive treatments are successful. Methods: 110 patients with mastitis and suspected breast abscesses at our hospital between January 2013 and end of December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Using conservation, US-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA), and surgery treated the breast abscesses. Besides analysis the epidemiological risk factors for all patients. Results: 29% of the patients were treated with antibiotics only, 51% were treated with US-guided FNA or drainage placement. 20% of the patients underwent surgery. Early complications occurred in 7% of patients treated minimally invasive but not in patients treated with surgery alone. Late complications occurred in 5% of patients who underwent minimally invasive treatments and in 30% of patients who underwent surgery. Conclusions: US-guided FNA as a minimally invasive therapy in combination with antibiotics was found to successfully treat most breast abscesses and, in cases where a larger volume of pus was involved, the placement of an additional drainage catheter was effective.
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