目的 探究超声引导下锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞在老年患者上肢骨折手术中的应用效果。方法 选择阳江江华医院2019年1月—2021年1月收治的老年上肢骨折手术患者100例为研究对象,分为传统方法组（n=50）与超声引导组（n=50）。比较两组麻醉效果、臂丛神经主要分支阻滞起效时间与30 min内完全阻滞率、并发症发生情况。结果 超声引导组麻醉优良率高于传统方法组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。超声引导组尺神经、正中神经、肌皮神经、桡神经阻滞起效时间短于传统方法组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。超声引导组尺神经、正中神经30 min内完全阻滞率高于传统方法组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 超声引导下锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞在老年患者上肢骨折手术中应用效果优于针刺体表定位,可缩短麻醉阻滞起效时间,提升30 min内完全阻滞率,且安全性高。

Objective To explore the effect of ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block on elderly patients with upper limb fracture surgery. Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with upper limb fracture surgery from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected as study subjects. They were divided into a traditional method group （n=50） and an ultrasound-guided group （n=50）. Comparisons were made in anesthesia effect, block onset time of the main brachial plexus branches, complete block rate within 30 min, and the occurrence of complications between the two groups. Results The excellent and good rate of anesthesia in the ultrasound-guided group was higher than that in the traditional method group （P<0.05）. The ultrasound-guided group showed shorter block onset time of the ulnar nerve, median nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, and radial nerve block than the traditional method group （P<0.05）, and higher complete block rates of the ulnar nerve and median nerve within 30 min （P<0.05）. No significant difference was found in the complication rate between the two groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion The effect of ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block for elderly patients with upper limb fracture surgery is better than the block with acupuncture positioning. The former method can shorten the onset time of anesthesia block, increase complete block rate within 30 min, and has high safety.