目的 分析硬膜外镇痛对产妇产后尿潴留及新生儿结局的影响。方法 选择2018年5月—2020年5月分娩的100例产妇作为研究对象,根据收治入院时间分组, 50例产妇纳入参照组（自然分娩）,50例产妇纳入研究组（无痛阴道分娩）。观察和对比两组分娩时间、产后并发症（产后尿潴留、产后出血）、产时发热情况和新生儿Apgar评分。结果 研究组第一产程时间、第二产程时间长于参照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组新生儿出生后1 min、5 min、10 min的新生儿Apgar评分与参照组相比,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;研究组产后尿潴留、产后出血等并发症发生率相比无显著差异（P>0.05）。本研究结果显示,研究组产时发热发生率高于参照组（P<0.05）。结论 采用硬膜外镇痛对新生儿结局无显著影响,也可以减少产后并发症,但容易延长第一产程与第二产程。

Objective To analyze the effects of epidural analgesia on postpartum urinary retention and neonatal outcome. Methods A total of 100 cases of puerperae who delivered from May 2018 to May 2020 were selected. According to the admission time, 50 cases from May 2018 to may 2019 were categorized into the control group （spontaneous delivery）, and 50 cases from May 2019 to May 2020 into the study group （painless vaginal delivery）. The delivery time, postpartum complications （postpartum urinary retention and postpartum hemorrhage）, fever during childbirth, and neonatal Apgar score were compared between the two groups. Results The time of the first and second stages of labor in the study group were longer than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The neonatal Apgar scores at 1 min, 5 min, and 10 min after delivery in the study group were not different from those in the control group （P>0.05）. There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of postpartum urinary retention and postpartum hemorrhage between the two groups （P>0.05）. The incidence of intrapartum fever in the study group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The use of epidural analgesia has no significant effect on the outcome of newborns, and can reduce postpartum complications, but it is likely to prolong the first and second stages of labor.