目的 总结预防性护理在降低血液透析患者透析性低血压发生中的效果。方法 选取本院2016年4月—2019年12月接收的86例行血液透析治疗的患者,分为两组,各43例。对照组实施常规护理,研究组在对照组的基础上实施预防性护理。观察两组患者低血压发生率、血压变化情况及负性情绪评分。结果 透析治疗1个疗程,研究组低血压发生率（6.98%）低于对照组（15.57%）,P<0.05;两组干预前患者收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压比较无统计学意义（P>0.05）,干预后研究组患者收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压均高于对照组（均P<0.05）;两组患者干预前SDS、SAS评分比较无统计学意义（P>0.05）,干预后两组SDS、SAS评分均降低,且研究组SDS、SAS评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 对行血液透析治疗的患者实施预防性护理,能取得较好的护理效果,能有效预防低血压发生,控制血压水平在正常范围内,缓解患者负性情绪。
Objective To evaluate the effect of preventive nursing on reducing the occurrence of hemodialysis hypotension in hemodialysis patients. Methods A total of 86 hemodialysis patients from April 2016 to December 2019 were selected and randomly divided into two groups by random number table, with 43 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing, while the study group received preventive care additionally. The incidence of hypotension, the change of blood pressure, and the score of negative emotion were observed. Results After one course of dialysis treatment, the incidence rate of hypotension in the study group （6.98%） was lower than that in the control group （15.57%） （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure between the two groups before intervention （P>0.05）, but after intervention, the three indicators in the study group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups before intervention （P>0.05）, but after intervention, the two scores of the two groups decreased, and were lower in the study group than in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Preventive nursing care can produce good effect among the patients undergoing hemodialysis, including effectively preventing hypotension, controlling blood pressure, and relieving negative emotions.
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