无齿或缺齿是引起面罩漏气的主要原因。目前为止还没有有效的防止无齿老人的面罩漏气的方法。我们设计了一款口面部支撑器,试图解决缺齿引起的面罩漏气。选取186例进行择期手术并实施全身麻醉的患者入组,其中,116名无齿患者随机分为A、B两组,A组患者使用口面部支撑器,B组患者不使用任何措施;剩余70例患者牙齿健全,设为C组。麻醉诱导后由具有10年工作经验的麻醉医师实施单手面罩通气。记录实际呼出气潮气量、指脉氧饱和度(SpO₂)、血压及心率。A、C两组患者的漏气量显著低于B组患者(P<0.05)。A、B、C三组患者面罩通气成功率分别为83.3%、17.9%、75.7%。A、C两组患者通气成功率无统计学差异,并且均显著高于B组(P<0.05)。本研究结果表明我们设计的口面部支撑器可以将无齿患者的通气成功率提高至83.3%,与牙齿健全患者通气成功率相似。

Edentulism and tooth loss are major causes of mask ventilation leakage (MVL).There is no effective method to prevent MVL in edentulous elderly patients at present.We designed a mouth-facial supportor in an attempt to minimize MVL due to the edentulism,and evaluated the efficacy of this device during mask ventilation in toothless elderly patients in this study.186 patients were enralled for elective surgeries with general anesthesia into the study.Among them,116 patients were toothless and randomly assigned to either Group A or Group B.The mouth-facial supportor was used for patients in Group A,whereas no device was used for those in Group B.The remaining 70 patients with normal dentition were assigned to Group C.Mask ventilation was performed after induction of anesthesia.The mask was held by a male anesthesiologist with over 10-year experience with single hand.Actual expiratory tidal volume,oxygen saturation (SpO₂),blood pressure and heart rate were monitored and recorded.MVL in Group A and Group C were significantly lower than that in Group B (P<0.05).The success rates of mask ventilation in Group A,Group B and Group C were 83.3%,17.9% and 75.7% respectively.No difference was detected in the success rates between Group A and Group C;however,it was significantly higher than that in Group B (P<0.05).The result showed that our designed mouth-facial supportor raised the success rate of mask ventilation in toothless patients to 83.3%,comparable to that in toothed patients.