目的 观察分析颈动脉内膜剥脱术治疗重度颈内动脉狭窄的临床效果。方法 选取2018年3月—2021年3月新疆伊宁市兵团四师医院神经外科收治的颈内动脉狭窄患者120例为研究对象,随机分为对照组（n=60,行颈动脉支架置入术）和观察组（n=60,行颈动脉内膜剥脱术）;比较两组患者治疗后认知功能、生存质量、临床疗效及术后并发症。结果 治疗前,两组WHOQOL-BREF评分、MoCA评分无统计学差异（P>0.05）;治疗后,两组WHOQOL-BREF评分、MoCA评分改善明显且观察组显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组临床总有效率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组并发症总发生率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 颈动脉内膜剥脱术治疗重度颈内动脉狭窄的临床效果显著,可明显改善患者颈动脉血运,提升患者认知功能和生存质量。

Objective To observe and analyze the clinical effect of carotid endarterectomy on severe internal carotid artery stenosis. Methods From March 2018 to March 2021, a total 120 cases of internal carotid artery stenosis admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of Xinjiang Yining Corps Fourth Division Hospital were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into a control group （n = 60, carotid artery stenting） and an observation group （n = 60, carotid endarterectomy）. Cognitive function after operation, quality of life, clinical efficacy, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results Before treatment, there were no significant differences in WHOQOL-BREF score and MoCA score between the two groups （P>0.05）. After treatment, the WHOQOL-BREF score and MoCA score of the two groups were improved significantly, and the scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The total clinical effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. The total incidence rate of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Carotid endarterectomy shows an obvious clinical effect on severe internal carotid artery stenosis; it can significantly improve patients’ carotid artery blood supply, cognitive function, and quality of life.