目的 探讨超声引导下射频消融术治疗甲状腺功能亢进症（甲亢）的安全性及有效性。方法 选取厦门医学院附属第二医院2018年7月—2019年6月确诊为甲亢并进行超声引导下射频消融术（radiofrequency ablation, RFA）的患者27例。对比消融术前后甲状腺体积大小、总三碘甲腺原氨酸（TT₃）、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸（FT₃）、总甲状腺素（TT₄）、游离甲状腺素（FT₄）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、临床症状及并发症情况。结果 与消融术前比较,患者术后临床症状明显改善（P<0.05）,术后3、6和12个月甲状腺体积明显变小（P<0.05）,术后血清TT₃、TT₄、FT₃、FT₄等水平显著降低（P<0.05）,TSH显著升高（P<0.05）。并发症声音嘶哑的发生率为3.7%,心动过速的发生率11.1%,治疗后均恢复,且未再复发,无其他并发症。结论 超声引导下经皮射频消融术治疗甲亢安全有效,能明显改善患者症状,且并发症较少。

Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation （RFA） in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Methods Twenty-seven patients with hyperthyroidism from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College in the period of July 2018 to June 2019 were treated with ultrasound-guided RFA. Thyroid volume, total triiodized thyroid hormone （TT3）, free triiodized thyroid hormone （FT3）, total tetriodized thyroid hormone （TT4）, free tetriodized thyroid hormone （FT4）, thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH）, clinical symptoms, and complications were compared before and after RFA. Results The clinical symptoms of patients were significantly improved after surgery （P<0.05）. The thyroid volumes were significantly reduced 3, 6, 12 months after surgery （P<0.05）. Serum TT3, TT4, FT3, and FT4 levels decreased significantly and TSH increased significantly after surgery （P<0.05）. The hoarseness rate reached 3.7% and tachycardia rate reached 11.1%, which all recovered after treatment without recurrence and no other complications occurred. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided percutaneous RFA is a safe and effective method for hyperthyroidism, which can improve the symptoms significantly with few complications.