Abstract: The endogenous cannabinoid system (endocannabinoidsystem,ECS) consists primarily of Gprotein-coupled receptor CB1, CB2, endogenous ligands for AEA, 2-AG and inactivation system AEA hydrolysis enzymes system(FAAH). Numerous studies have shown that the endogenous cannabinoid system can play a neuroprotective role via complex mechanisms,such as the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, regulation of neurotransmitter release, inhibition of calcium ion concentration and so on. This article is to review the protective function of ECS in nervous system.