Abstract: Objective To compare the perioperative clinical statistics between Robotic-assistant Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy (RALRP) and Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy (RRP).Methods We retrospectively review the 24 cases who accepted RALRP in our center from May 2010 to November 2011.The total operative time,blood loss,transfusion rate,the pathological outcome,urinary continence outcome etc were analyzed,and were compared with the data of 38 cases which underwent RRP accomplished by the same doctors in the same period.Results The mean operative time was 4.85 hours (3.15~7.5hours) in RALRP group and 3.60±1.27 hours in RRP group.In the RALRP group,the mean operative time of the earlier 8 cases (RALRP1 group) and later 16 cases (RALRP2 group) was respectively 5.30±1.56 and 3.96±1.09 hours.The blood loss in RALRP was 100~1 200 ml,and the mean blood loss in RALRP1 and RALRP2 was 625±200 ml and 155±103 ml.In RRP group,the mean blood loss was 655±270 ml.The blood transfusion rate in RALRP and RRP was 33.3 % (7/24) and 42.1 % (16/38).The blood transfusion rate in RALRP1 and RALRP2 was 75 % (6/8) and 12.5 % (2/16) (P<0.01).The continence rate at 1 month after surgery was better in RALRP than in RRP group.The rate was respectively 62.5 % (5/8) and 81.3 % (13/16) in RALRP1 and RALRP2,and 57.9 % (22/38) in RRP.The overall margin positivity rate was respectively 20.8% and 26.3% in RALRP and RRP group.The mean hospital stay was 15 days and 21 days in RALRP and RRP group.Conclusions RALRP has a short learning curve for urologists,which has more advantage in decreasing blood loss,avoiding blood transfusion,recovering continence etc compared with RPP.However,whether RALRP has long-term advantages still needs long-time follow-up.