Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of epulis and its histopathological subtypes and evaluate the outcomes of different excision methods （scalpel, electrotome, or laser） on the prognosis of epulis. Methods A total of 217 cases of epulis were retrospectively analyzed between August 2021 to July 2024. Gender, age, tumor location, size, symptoms of periodontitis at first visit, excision method, tooth extraction, and root planning during surgery were derived from medical records. Recurrence information was used to evaluate outcomes of different treatment regimens. Results The average age of the patients in this study was （40.25±11.32） years, with a common age range of 20‒40 years. Among them, 134 （61.75%） were female patients and 83 （38.25%）were male patients; epulis was significantly more common in females （χ2=11.986, P<0.001）. There were 130 cases （59.91%） of epulis located in the anterior tooth area and 87 cases （40.09%） in the posterior tooth area, and the proportion of anterior tooth area was significantly higher than that of posterior tooth area for epulis （χ2=10.594, P=0.014）. Histopathologically, the incidence rate from high to low was epulis fibromatosa （69.59%）, epulis granulomatosa （21.20%）, peripheral ossifying fibroma （8.29%）, and giant cell epulis （0.92%）. From the perspective of recurrence, the method of epulis resection, whether the affected tooth was removed, and whether there was periodontitis before surgery had no significant effects on recurrence （P>0.05）. However, the patients receiving root planing during surgery had a significantly lower incidence of recurrence than those who did not （χ2=7.814, P=0.018）. Conclusion Epulis is common in women and in the anterior tooth area, and fibrous hyperplasia is dominant in histopathological subtypes. When concerning treatment regimens, removal methods and tooth extraction would not interfere with recurrence. Root planing during surgery might help reduce the recurrence of epulis.
LIN Liangqin
,
LIN Pingting
. Clinicopathological features, treatment regimens, and efficacy analysis of 217 cases of epulis[J]. Surgical Research and New Technique, 2025
, 14(3)
: 221
-225
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2025.03.005
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