Objective To investigate the value of bronchial frozen lung biopsy (TBCB) in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD).Methods To analysis the clinic, radiological and pathological parameter of five cases with diffuse lung disease diagnosed by TBCB.Results The clinical symptoms of five patients were mainly cough and progressive dyspnea,with a course of disease ranged from 20 days to 120 months (average 38.53 months).A total of 24 biopsy tissues were obtained, with an average of 4-6 pieces per case.The specimen size was 1-40 mm², average (8.19±7.73) mm², and the effective number of tissues accounted for 79.17% (19/24).All obtained pathological diagnosis:two cases of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease, one case of respiratory bronchiolitis with interstitial lung disease, one case of inhalation-related interstitial lung and one case of common interstitial pneumonia respectively.Conclusion TBCB has minor damage, less complications, and easy access to effective lesions.It is an effective method for the pathological diagnosis of ILD.