Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of laparoscopic recanalization and simple recanalization on recanalization after tubal sterilization. Methods The clinical data of 62 patients who underwent recanalization surgery after tubal sterilization from January 2017 to June 2020 were retrieved for a retrospective analysis. According to the surgical methods, 31 patients who received simple recanalization were included in the control group, and the other 31 patients who underwent laparoscopic recanalization were included in the study group. Recanalization, clinical indicators, and postoperative pregnancy were observed of the two groups. Results The recanalization rate of the study group （96.77%） was higher than that in the control group （74.19%）, and the bilateral obstruction rate of the study group was lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）. The study group's first postoperative exhaust recovery time and operation time were longer than the control group's, and hospital stay was shorter and intraoperative blood loss was less （P<0.05）. The intrauterine pregnancy rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group, and the missed abortion and infertility rates were lower （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the ectopic pregnancy rate between the two groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion Laparoscopic recanalization performed in patients undergoing tubal sterilization can result in longer operation time, but less intraoperative blood loss and higher recanalization rate and postoperative intrauterine pregnancy rate than simple recanalization.