Objective To investigate the influencing factors of lens posterior capsule rupture （PCR） in patients with cataract surgery. Methods The clinical data of 73 patients with cataract who underwent surgery and completed follow-up from May 2018 to May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the occurrence of intraoperative lens PCR, they were divided into an occurrence group （n=16） and a non-occurrence group （n=57）. Possible influencing factors of lens PCR in patients with cataract surgery were included after careful review of their clinical data, and identified through univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that male, lens nucleus hardness ≥ grade Ⅲ, and combination with vitreous hemorrhage were the influencing factors for the occurrence of lens PCR in patients with cataract surgery, and coresponding OR （95%CI） were 18.121 （4.392-74.767）, 18.700 （4.829-72.417）, and 37.333 （7.215-193.187）, respectively, all P<0.05. Conclusion The occurrence of lens PCR in patients with cataract surgery is associated with multiple factors such as male, lens nucleus hardness ≥ grade Ⅲ, and combination with vitreous hemorrhage. Close attention in clinical care and active prevention and control measures are required to reduce the incidence of lens PCR in patients with cataract surgery.