This paper introduced the process of building a nucleic acid testing cabin laboratory in Shanghai Tenth’s People’s Hospital. The hospital first selected testing methods, and then quickly established the nucleic acid testing shelter laboratory according to the laboratory layout, equipment selection requirements and protection standards.This paper also described matters needing attention in laboratory operation from three aspects： staffing, disinfection standards, and emergency response plans. The novel laboratory was put into use right after establishment, which improved nucleic acid testing capacity, expand the scope of testing, and actively implemented the requirements of higher authorities that hospitals should make nucleic acid testing compulsory among all key groups and available for those who ask to be tested.