Objective To study the nursing measures related to hemodialysis and perfusion for patients with acute renal failure bitten by Viperarusselii. Methods From September 2021 to July 2022, a total of 64 patients with acute renal failure who were bitten by Viperarusselii were randomly divided into two groups： an observation group and a control group, with 32 patients in each group. Both groups of patients were treated with hemodialysis, and the medical staff carefully observed the patients before, during, and after the operation. The control group adopted traditional nursing methods, including psychological nursing and diet nursing; the observation group also carried out posture nursing on the traditional nursing methods. The recovery effect and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 96.85%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group （87.50%, P<0.05）. The satisfaction of the patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Hemodialysis and perfusion can effectively control the condition of patients with Viperarusselii bite and acute renal failure, and reasonable and effective nursing methods can greatly improve the curative effect.