Objective To explore the impact of virtual reality technology on cognitive impairment and daily living ability of patients in the rehabilitation treatment of hemiplegia after stroke. Methods A total of 80 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia who received treatment from September 2021 to March 2023 were selected as research subjects and randomly devided into two groups, namely the conventional group and the virtual technology group, with 40 cases in each group. The former received a conventional rehabilitation training plan, while the latter used virtual reality technology on the basis of the conventional rehabilitation training plan. The scores of the Montreal cognitive assessment scale （MoCA） and the activities of daily living （ADL） ability were compared between the two groups before and after 8 weeks of treatment. Results After the intervention, the MoCA and ADL scores of the virtual technology group were significantly higher than those of the conventional group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Virtual reality technology can effectively alleviate cognitive impairment and enhance patients' daily living abilities in the rehabilitation treatment of hemiplegia after stroke.