Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective Discussed the feasibility and benefits of left colic artery and superior rectal artery for the treatment of upper rectum carcinoma,and compared with conventional surgery. Methods From January 2011-June 2013,59 patiens with upper rectum carcinoma in general surgery were divided into experimental group(n=30) and control group(n=29).Experimental group keep left colic artery and superior rectal artery, control group conventional surgery,compared of operation time,number of lymph node cleaning, blood loss, anastomotic healing between two groups. Results Experimental group operating time is longer than the control group,patients with blood loss is greater than the control group,the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）;Number of lymph node cleaning had no statistical significance（P＞0.05）; Experimental group patients without anastomotic fistula patients,2 case of control group occurred. Conclusion Preservation of left colic artery and superior rectal artery for the treatment of upper rectum carcinoma is good for patients,and could reduce the risk of anastomotic fistula.