Abstract: Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation （RFA） in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Methods Twenty-seven patients with hyperthyroidism from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College in the period of July 2018 to June 2019 were treated with ultrasound-guided RFA. Thyroid volume, total triiodized thyroid hormone （TT3）, free triiodized thyroid hormone （FT3）, total tetriodized thyroid hormone （TT4）, free tetriodized thyroid hormone （FT4）, thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH）, clinical symptoms, and complications were compared before and after RFA. Results The clinical symptoms of patients were significantly improved after surgery （P<0.05）. The thyroid volumes were significantly reduced 3, 6, 12 months after surgery （P<0.05）. Serum TT3, TT4, FT3, and FT4 levels decreased significantly and TSH increased significantly after surgery （P<0.05）. The hoarseness rate reached 3.7% and tachycardia rate reached 11.1%, which all recovered after treatment without recurrence and no other complications occurred. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided percutaneous RFA is a safe and effective method for hyperthyroidism, which can improve the symptoms significantly with few complications.

Key words: Radiofrequency ablation, Hyperthyroidism, Efficacy