Table of Content

28 September 2026, Volume 15 Issue 3 Previous Issue   

Commentary

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From conceptual enthusiasm to evidence-oriented practice： Applications and research status of biologic therapies in plastic surgery ZHANG Jin, ZHOU Jia 2026, 15 (3):  195-200.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.001 Abstract ( 95 )   PDF (621KB) ( 56 )   Save The goals of plastic surgery are shifting from structural reconstruction alone toward improvement in tissue quality, functional restoration, and regenerative optimization. In recent years, biologic therapies, including acellular dermal matrix, autologous fat grafting, platelet-rich plasma, concentrated growth factors, extracellular vesicles, adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction, and tissue-engineered scaffolds, have been increasingly explored in wound repair, scar modulation, radiation-induced soft-tissue injury repair, hair restoration, facial rejuvenation, and soft-tissue reconstruction. Although several modalities have accumulated relatively mature clinical experience, many emerging interventions still face uncertainties in product definition, preparation heterogeneity, indication boundaries, outcome measures, and regulatory pathways. This article reviewed current applications of biologic therapies in plastic surgery, discussed the mismatch between clinical enthusiasm and evidence accumulation, and proposed that evidence-oriented translation should be guided by product characterization, indication-specific evaluation, standardized endpoints, integration with traditional plastic surgery treatments, and appropriate regulatory pathways. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Original article

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Clinical study on treatment of distal tibial nonunion with Jiegumukang Decoction combined with local injection of platelet-rich plasma LI Xuefei, WANG Gengqi 2026, 15 (3):  201-206.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.002 Abstract ( 71 )   PDF (742KB) ( 50 )   Save Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of local injection of platelet-rich plasma （PRP） combined with Jiegumukang decoction in the treatment of distal tibial nonunion. Methods Eighty patients diagnosed with distal tibial nonunion admitted between January 2025 and January 2026 were enrolled and randomly assigned into a control group and an observation group, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received local PRP injection alone at the fractured bone ends once every four weeks for a 12-week treatment course. On the basis of identical PRP intervention administered to the control group, the observation group additionally took the syndrome-differentiated and modified Jiegumukang decoction orally, one dose per day for 12 consecutive weeks. The visual analogue scale （VAS） scores for pain recorded at baseline as well as week 4, week 8, and week 12 after treatment, the Lane-Sandhu radiographic bone-healing scores and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society （AOFAS） ankle-function scores before and after intervention, the overall effective rate at week 12 and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results Baseline VAS, Lane-Sandhu, and AOFAS scores exhibited no statistically significant inter-group differences before treatment （P>0.05）. VAS scores dropped markedly in both groups at 4, 8, and 12 weeks follow-ups relative to their respective baseline values, and scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at all matched time-points （P<0.05）. After the 12-week therapy, Lane-Sandhu and AOFAS scores rose in both groups, with greater improvements detected within the observation group （P<0.05）. The overall effective rate reached 80.00% for the control group versus 95.00% for the observation group; the difference was significant （χ²=4.114, P=0.043）. The adverse reaction incidence stood at 5.00% in both groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion The combined regimen of orally administered syndrome-adapted Jiegumukang decoction and local PRP injection can effectively alleviate pain, stimulate callus formation, accelerate fracture repair, and restore ankle mobility among patients suffering from distal tibial nonunion. This combined therapy yields superior clinical outcomes to local PRP injection alone while maintaining favourable medication safety, and therefore merits widespread clinical promotion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prognostic effect of gasless transaxillary endoscopic surgery combined with Chaihu Sanjie Formula on thyroid cancer CHEN Zhe, WANG Yongheng 2026, 15 (3):  207-213.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.003 Abstract ( 49 )   PDF (909KB) ( 87 )   Save Objective To investigate the prognostic effect of gasless transaxillary endoscopic surgery combined with Chaihu Sanjie Formula on thyroid cancer. Methods A total of 95 patients with thyroid cancer who received endoscopic surgery from April 2023 to March 2025 were selected after 1∶1 propensity score matching. According to the different surgical methods and postoperative adjuvant treatments, the patients were divided into Group A （gas-insufflation endoscopic surgery via areola + Western medicine treatment, 31 cases）, Group B （gasless transaxillary endoscopic surgery + Western medicine treatment, 30 cases）, and Group C （gasless transaxillary endoscopic surgery + Western medicine treatment + Chaihu Sanjie Formula treatment, 35 cases）. Results All postoperative recovery indicators in the three groups showed statistical differences （P<0.05）; the time to first postoperative meal, the time to first postoperative ambulation, the time to drainage tube removal, the duration of hoarseness, the duration of drinking water cough, and the length of hospital stay were shorter in Group B and Group C than in Group A （P<0.05）; the time to drainage tube removal, the duration of hoarseness, the duration of drinking water cough, and the length of hospital stay were shorter in Group C than in Group B （P<0.05）, while the remaining indicators showed no statistical differences （P>0.05）. The postoperative complication rates in Group B and Group C were lower than that in Group A （P<0.05）, while there was no statistical difference between Group B and Group C （P>0.05）. The visual analogue scale pain scores at 6 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after operation in the three groups showed statistical differences （P<0.05）, in which the scores of Group B and Group C were lower than those of Group A （P<0.05）, and the score of Group C was lower than that of Group B （P<0.05）. The levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, thyroglobulin, thyroglobulin antibody, and thyroid peroxidase antibody in the three groups before operation showed no statistical difference （P>0.05）. The levels of inflammatory indicators in the three groups showed a downward trend at 3 d, 7 d, and 1 month after operation. The levels of inflammatory indicators in Group B and Group C were lower than those in Group A （P<0.05）, and those in Group C were lower than those in Group B （P<0.05）. There were no statistical differences in progression-free survival and overall survival among the three groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion Compared with conventional gas-insufflation endoscopic surgery via areola, gasless transaxillary endoscopic surgery for thyroid cancer patients can reduce surgical trauma and inflammatory stimulation, decrease complications, relieve pain, and achieve comparable prognostic effects; combined treatment with Chaihu Sanjie Formula does not affect the prognostic effect of tumor radical resection, but can further reduce inflammatory response and the degree of pain, accelerating postoperative recovery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Wechat App based on HAPA theory in continuous rehabilitation training for stroke patients SHI Weiwei, LIU Lingyu, GU Xiuwen 2026, 15 (3):  214-220.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.004 Abstract ( 63 )   PDF (1056KB) ( 23 )   Save Objective To address the high disability and recurrence rates of stroke and the spatiotemporal limitations of traditional rehabilitation models by integrating the phased behavioral intervention model of the Health Action Process Approach （HAPA） theory with artificial intelligence （AI） technology, and investigating the application effect of a Wechat App, based on the HAPA theory, in continuous rehabilitation training for stroke patients. Methods An intelligent rehabilitation system covering the “hospital-home-community” continuum was constructed. Guided by the stage-based intervention logic of HAPA covering motivation arousal, behavioral planning, action initiation and behavioral maintenance, this study integrated AI technology and WeChat ecosystem to provide patients with whole-process, personalized rehabilitation support. Thirty stroke patients admitted to Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital and Zhongshan Sub-district Health Service Center from January to April 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group （Group A） and an intervention group （Group B）, with 15 patients in each group. Group A received routine stroke rehabilitation orders, while Group B received AI-based remote rehabilitation training intervention via an App based on the HAPA model, in addition to routine orders. Hand joint range of motion, hand function, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS） score, Berg Balance Scale score, Fugl-Meyer Assessment score, modified Barthel Index, and Carr-Shepherd score were compared between the two groups before and 3 months after the intervention. Results After the intervention, Group B showed significantly better outcomes than Group A in multiple indicators： lower NIHSS score （18.22±4.15 vs 30.46±5.23, P<0.05）, and higher Berg Balance Scale score （47.26±5.71 vs 36.28±6.42）, Fugl-Meyer Assessment score （38.02±7.18 vs 20.14±5.89）, modified Barthel Index （35.26±6.54 vs 25.45±5.77）, and Carr-Shepherd score （82.73±8.25 vs 64.35±9.11） （all P<0.05）. Furthermore, Group B demonstrated better recovery of hand joint range of motion, greater improvement in hand function, and a higher exercise compliance rate （73.3% vs 53.3%, P<0.05）. Conclusion The Wechat App, based on the HAPA theory, has been shown to effectively enhance the compliance of rehabilitation training in stroke patients, resulting in significant improvements in neurological function, limb motor function, balance ability, and activities of daily living. It provides feasible technical support for high-quality continuous rehabilitation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics, risk of death, and recurrence patterns in patients undergoing radical resection for left-sided and right-sided colon cancer HEI Jingya, BAI Xiaohui 2026, 15 (3):  221-225.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.005 Abstract ( 60 )   PDF (644KB) ( 27 )   Save Objective To investigate the differences in clinicopathological characteristics, relative mortality risk, and patterns of first recurrence/metastasis after radical resection between right-sided colon cancer （RCC） and left-sided colon cancer （LCC）. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 90 patients with pathologically confirmed colon cancer who underwent radical resection at our hospital between June 2018 and June 2021. Based on tumor location, patients were divided into the RCC group （n=45） and the LCC group （n=45）. Clinical features, pathological parameters, risk of death, and sites of recurrence or metastasis were compared. Statistical analysis included t-tests, chi-square tests, and Cox proportional hazards modeling. Follow-up continued until June 2024. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, sex, tumor markers[carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） and carbohydrate antigen （CA） 19-9], or rates of curative surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy （P>0.05）. RCC patients had significantly larger tumor diameters （P=0.004） and higher numbers of lymph nodes retrieved （P=0.001） than LCC patients. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards modeling analysis revealed that elevated CEA, tumor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, larger tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, and presence of tumor nodules were independent predictors of poor prognosis （P<0.05）, whereas radical resection was associated with improved survival （P<0.05）. Although differences in first recurrence/metastasis sites were not statistically significant （P>0.05）, RCC showed a higher tendency toward peritoneal dissemination, while anastomotic recurrence was more frequent in LCC. Conclusion RCC and LCC demonstrate significant differences in tumor size, lymph node dissection number, and prognostic risk. RCC is associated with bigger tumor burden and poorer survival outcomes, highlighting the need for enhanced preoperative assessment and postoperative surveillance. Tumor laterality, biological behavior, and risk factors for prognosis should be considered in the development of precision treatment and follow-up strategies for colon cancer patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy of combined treatments for chronic empyema WU Zhantong, ZHENG Changze, BIN Nengkang, MO Ansheng 2026, 15 (3):  226-230.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.006 Abstract ( 60 )   PDF (1175KB) ( 23 )   Save Objective To explore the efficacy of thoracoscopic surgery combined with multiple therapeutic approaches in the treatment of chronic empyema. Methods A total of 27 patients with chronic empyema （2 cases complicated with bronchopleural fistula） treated between February 2021 and April 2024 were selected in the study. They underwent debridement and fibrous peel decortication via two-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery （VATS） performed by the same team of thoracic surgeons. Postoperatively, continuous pleural irrigation was administered with 3 000 mL/d of normal saline, followed by drainage. Once the irrigation fluid became clear, negative pressure suction was applied. In 2 cases with bronchopleural fistula, the bronchial fistula orifices were occluded via interventional techniques. Patients received postoperative treatment including antibiotics, Shenfu injection, and nutritional support. Results There were no perioperative mortalities. Two cases （7.4%） required conversion to a mini-thoracotomy. Intraoperative pulmonary air leakage occurred in five cases （18.5%）. Postoperatively, four patients （14.8%） developed pulmonary infections, one patient （3.7%） experienced early hypoxemia, and one patient （3.7%） developed septic shock. During follow-up, no recurrence of empyema was observed. Conclusion In this limited series, VATS combined with multiple therapeutic measures showed favorable short-term outcomes and an acceptable complication rate in the treatment of chronic empyema. However, its long-term efficacy and superiority remain to be verified by prospective controlled studies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Predictive value of diaphragmatic mobility combined with diaphragmatic thickening rate in assessing diaphragmatic motion recovery during awakening period of general anesthesia patients ZHOU Yinfeng, WEN Dinghua 2026, 15 (3):  231-235.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.007 Abstract ( 55 )   PDF (695KB) ( 97 )   Save Objective To analyze the predictive value of diaphragmatic mobility combined with diaphragmatic thickening rate in assessing diaphragmatic motion recovery during the awakening period of general anesthesia patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 519 patients under general anesthesia who underwent elective non-thoracic or non-airway surgeries at our hospital between July 2021 and August 2025. According to different methods of extubation evaluation, they were divided into group A （285 cases were extubated based on ultrasound evaluation of diaphragm mobility and diaphragm thickening rate） and group B （234 cases were extubated based on clinical signs）. The incidence of adverse events during awakening period was compared between the two groups. Patients in group A were divided into a poor recovery group and a good recovery group with adverse events during awakening period as the outcome variable. The absolute difference in diaphragmatic mobility and diaphragmatic thickening rate at extubation （T2） and before anesthesia induction （T1）, expressed as “△”, along with confounding factors, were included in the models to determine whether △T2-T1 diaphragmatic mobility and △T2-T1 diaphragmatic thickening rate were independent risk factors for impaired diaphragmatic motion recovery during the post-anesthesia awakening period in general anesthesia patients, thereby evaluating the combined predictive value of these two parameters for diaphragmatic motion recovery. Results The incidence of adverse events in group A was lower than that in group B （P<0.05）. The dosage of muscle relaxants, △T2-T1 diaphragmatic mobility, and △T2-T1 diaphragmatic thickening rate were the independent influencing factors of adverse events of diaphragmatic motion recovery in awakening period （P<0.05）. The optimal cut-off values of △T2-T1 diaphragmatic mobility and △T2-T1 diaphragmatic thickening rate for predicting adverse events in patients undergoing general anesthesia were 3.8 mm and 6.3%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve （0.911） predicted by the combination was greater than that predicted by either method （0.860 and 0.871）, with a sensitivity of 0.896 and a specificity of 0.925. Conclusion The combination of △T2-T1 diaphragmatic mobility and △T2-T1 diaphragmatic thickening rate based on diaphragmatic ultrasound assessment can effectively predict the risk of poor diaphragmatic motion recovery in patients who reach the diaphragm function ultrasound extubation criteria. For patients with △T2-T1 diaphragmatic mobility ≥3.8 mm and △T2-T1 diaphragmatic thickening rate ≥6.3%, postoperative respiratory monitoring should be strengthened to timely intervene potential risks and reduce the occurrence of adverse events. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of right stellate ganglion block combined with dexmedetomidine on postoperative recovery quality of patients undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy MAO Shanshan, HU Rui, HUANG Qun, FENG Xiumei 2026, 15 (3):  236-241.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.008 Abstract ( 49 )   PDF (758KB) ( 23 )   Save Objective To observe the effect of ultrasound-guided right stellate ganglion block （SGB） combined with dexmedetomidine （Dex） on postoperative recovery quality of patients undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy. Methods Sixty patients scheduled for laparoscopic total hysterectomy were randomly divided into two groups： Dex group （D group） and SGB combined with Dex group （SD group）, with 30 patients in each group. D group patients received continuous Dex infusion commencing 10 min prior to anaesthetic induction and continuing until the end of surgery. SD group patients underwent right SGB prior to anaesthetic induction, receiving 5 mL of 0.2% ropivacaine, concurrently with continuous Dex infusion initiated 10 min before induction and maintained throughout surgery. Identical anaesthetic techniques and protocols were employed for both groups. Observation indexes： （1） We recorded heart rate （HR）, mean arterial pressure （MAP）, and other parameters at pre-anaesthesia （T0）, tracheal intubation （T1）, skin incision （T2）, and extubation （T3）, as well as intraoperative anaesthetic drug consumption and tracheal tube removal time. （2） We used polysomnography （PSG） to record sleep time （SL）, total sleep time （TST）, wake after sleep onset （WASO）, sleep efficiency （SE）, and the proportions of rapid eye movement sleep （REM） on the day of operation; we administered the St Mary’s Hospital Sleep Questionnaire （SMHSQ） for both groups preoperatively, at 24 h postoperatively, and at 48 h postoperatively; we also measured 24 h cortisol levels at 7：00-8：00 am on the day of surgery and on the first day after surgery. （3） We documented analgesic rescue requirements and adverse reactions at 48 h postoperatively. Results Compared with the D group, the SD group exhibited reduced HR and MAP at T1, T2, and T3 time points （P<0.05）. The intraoperative consumption doses of propofol and remifentanil as well as the postoperative awakening and extubation time in the SD group were significantly less than those in the D group （P<0.05）. Compared with the D group, the SD group exhibited reduced SL and WASO on the night of surgery （P<0.05）, but increased TST, SE, and REM proportions （P<0.05）. Compared with the D group, the SD group exhibited significantly lower total SMHSQ scores at 24 and 48 h postoperatively （P<0.05）, and lower cortisol levels （P<0.05） at 24 h postoperatively. The proportion requiring analgesic rescue and incidence of nausea / vomiting, and dizziness were both significantly reduced in the SD group than the D group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Right SGB combined with Dex effectively ameliorates postoperative insomnia symptoms in patients undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy, improves sleep structure and staging, reduces postoperative gastrointestinal adverse reactions, and accelerates postoperative recovery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical efficacy analysis of ultrasound-guided posterior medial branch block of cervical spinal nerves in treatment of cervical facet syndrome YE Yongjun, LIANG Zhiwei, XIE Xia 2026, 15 (3):  242-245.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.009 Abstract ( 49 )   PDF (623KB) ( 99 )   Save Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided posterior medial branch block of cervical spinal nerves in the treatment of cervical facet syndrome. Methods From January 2023 to January 2025, a total of 100 patients with cervical facet syndrome were selected. Using a random number table, they were divided into a control group （conservative therapy） and a study group （ultrasound-guided therapy） to compare the efficacy between the two groups, including visual analog scale （VAS） scores, neck disability index （NDI）, and neck range of motion. Results In terms of VAS scores, NDI scores, and neck mobility, there were no differences between the two groups before intervention. After intervention, the study group showed lower VAS scores and NDI scores, and larger neck range of motion than the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided posterior medial branch block of cervical spinal nerves shows great advantages in the treatment of cervical facet syndrome and is worthy of clinical promotion and application. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of virtual reality technology combined with hand rehabilitation training on hand function and compliance in patients with hand injuries LUO Meijin, HONG Yuan, GAO Hanlu, LI San 2026, 15 (3):  246-249.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.010 Abstract ( 42 )   PDF (649KB) ( 23 )   Save Objective To analyze the impact of virtual reality technology combined with hand rehabilitation training on hand function and compliance in patients with hand injuries. Methods A total of 100 patients with hand injuries from June 2023 to May 2025 were selected and retrospectively analyzed. According to the admission time, the patients were divided into a control group and a study group, with 50 cases in each group. Among them, those receiving conventional hand rehabilitation training were included in the control group, and those receiving virtual reality technology combined with hand rehabilitation training were included in the study group. The hand motor function, hand sensory function, and compliance were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistical differences in the total active range of motion （TAROM） of fingers and hand sensory function levels before rehabilitation training between the two groups （P>0.05）; both significantly improved after intervention, with higher TAROM and hand sensory function score in the study group than those in the control group （both P<0.05）. In terms of compliance, the rehabilitation training completion rate of patients in the study group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Implementing virtual reality technology combined with hand rehabilitation training for patients with hand injuries has a significant effect on enhancing their compliance with rehabilitation training and effectively improving their hand motor and sensory functions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical diagnostic effect of multi-slice spiral CT combined with magnetic resonance imaging for occult fractures of lower extremities LIN Yuke, LIU Junjun 2026, 15 (3):  250-253.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.011 Abstract ( 53 )   PDF (608KB) ( 80 )   Save Objective To analyze the clinical diagnostic effect of multi-slice spiral CT combined with magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） for occult fractures of the lower extremities. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 64 patients with suspected occult fractures of the lower extremities admitted to our hospital from April 2021 to March 2026. All patients underwent multi-slice spiral CT and MRI examinations. The surgical exploration results were used as the gold standard to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the two imaging examinations alone and in combination, as well as their detection rates for different fracture details. Results The sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy of MRI were higher than those of multi-slice spiral CT （P<0.05）. The sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy of combined diagnosis were higher than those of either examination alone （P<0.05）. MRI had higher detection rates for cortical discontinuity, trabecular damage, collapse of the knee articular surface, and abnormal joint space width compared to multi-slice spiral CT （P<0.05）, and the combination of the two further improved the detection rates （P<0.05）. Conclusion Both multi-slice spiral CT and MRI have diagnostic value for occult fractures of the lower extremities, and their combination can enhance diagnostic efficacy and provide more accurate information for clinical diagnosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation of changes in inflammatory factors and pain in patients with acute appendicitis after laparoscopic appendectomy WU Yi, ZHOU Zhenfeng, CHEN Xiaolan 2026, 15 (3):  254-257.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.012 Abstract ( 57 )   PDF (645KB) ( 41 )   Save Objective To analyze the clinical effects of laparoscopic appendectomy by observing the changes in inflammatory factors and pain after surgery in patients with acute appendicitis. Methods Using a single-group pre-post design, a total of 96 cases of acute appendicitis treated from January 2024 to December 2025 were included. All patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy. The changes in inflammatory factor levels [white blood cell count （WBC）, C-reactive protein （CRP）, and procalcitonin （PCT）] before surgery and at 1 d and 3 d after surgery were observed, as well as the pain levels [by visual analog scale （VAS）] at 12 h, 1 d, and 3 d after surgery. Results All the 96 patients completed the surgery. The levels of inflammatory factors （WBC, CRP, PCT） on postoperative days 1 and 3 were significantly lower than those before surgery （P<0.001）, and the levels of all indicators on postoperative day 3 were significantly lower than those on postoperative day 1 （P<0.001）. The degree of pain （VAS scores） at 12 h, 1 d, and 3 d postoperatively showed a gradual downward trend, with statistically significant differences between time points （P<0.001）. Conclusion Based on single-group before-and-after observational data, laparoscopic appendectomy can effectively reduce the inflammatory response in patients with acute appendicitis and alleviate postoperative pain, providing a reference for clinical treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical efficacy of sitz bath with Xiaozhi Decoction combined with external dissection and internal ligation for postoperative pain, edema, and wound healing in patients with mixed hemorrhoids JI Jiajun, WU Qingqing, ZENG Lin 2026, 15 (3):  258-261.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.013 Abstract ( 50 )   PDF (627KB) ( 26 )   Save Objective To observe the effect of sitz bath with Xiaozhi Decoction on wound pain, and edema relief, and healing after external dissection and internal ligation in patients with mixed hemorrhoids. Methods A total of 104 patients with mixed hemorrhoids admitted from April 2023 to November 2025 were prospectively selected for the study. Patients were assigned into a control group and a study group based on propensity score matching results. After external dissection and internal ligation, the control group （n=52） received conventional treatment combined with potassium permanganate sitz bath, while the study group （n=52） received conventional treatment plus sitz bath with Xiaozhi Decoction. The two groups were compared regarding postoperative wound edema and pain scores, healing quality, symptom relief time, and anal function. Results From the 3rd day after surgery, the study group had lower wound pain and edema scores and a lower incidence of complications than the control group （P<0.05）. The wound symptom relief time and healing time were also shorter in the study group than in the control group, and the first-class wound healing rate was higher in the study group （P<0.05）. The Wexner scores at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery were lower in the study group than in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The combined treatment of external dissection and internal ligation followed by sitz bath with Xiaozhi Decoction is beneficial for postoperative perianal wound healing and early pain and edema relief in patients with mixed hemorrhoids, and can promote the recovery and improvement of anal function after surgery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical efficacy analysis of platelet-rich plasma combined with TROPIS modified thread drawing method in treatment of complex anal fistula CHEN Shenghui, CHEN Zhan 2026, 15 (3):  262-265.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.014 Abstract ( 47 )   PDF (659KB) ( 63 )   Save Objective To explore the clinical value of platelet-rich plasma （PRP） combined with transanal opening of intersphincteric space （TROPIS） modified thread drawing method in the treatment of complex anal fistula. Methods A total of 90 cases of complex anal fistula admitted from September 2023 to September 2025 were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups using a random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. The control group received TROPIS modified thread drawing, and the study group received PRP local injection therapy additionally. Wound healing indicators （wound healing time, wound exudation at postoperative 7 d and 14 d）, anal function （Wexner incontinence score at postoperative 1 month and 3 months）, and clinical efficacy （overall effectiveness and recurrence rate） were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the study group had faster wound healing, less exudation at postoperative 7 d and 14 d, lower Wexner incontinence score at postoperative 1 month and 3 months （better anal function）, increased cure rate, and decreased recurrence rate （P<0.05）. Conclusion PRP combined with TROPIS modified thread drawing can accelerate wound closure, reduce secretions, maintain anal function, and reduce the risk of recurrence, with promising prospects for promotion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress on risk factors and treatment of lower limb lymphedema after endometrial cancer surgery ZHU Yanyan, CHEN Zhifang, ZHU Yingyu, CHANG Wenjun, ZHANG Jinwei 2026, 15 (3):  266-270.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.015 Abstract ( 86 )   PDF (653KB) ( 95 )   Save Lower limb lymphedema （LLL） after endometrial cancer surgery is a common complication, and its main symptoms include painless swelling of the limbs, heavy lower limbs, and tension, which seriously affects the quality of life and increases the psychological and economic burden of patients. The advantage of medical technology has led a steady increase in the survival rate of endometrial cancer, with the expectation that patients will experience enhanced quality of life after receiving treatment, which underscore the urgent need for the treatment of LLL. The main strategies for the treatment of LLL include： nonoperative treatment （manual lymph drainage, complex decongestion therapy, traditional Chinese medicine therapy, and cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires） and surgical treatment （lymph venous anastomosis, vascularized lymph node transfer, resection of lesion tissue, and liposuction）. This paper provided a comprehensive overview of the risk factors of LLL after endometrial cancer surgery and the treatment options of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advancements on selection of internal fixation methods for ankle joint fractures with lower tibiofibular joint injury GU Wenhan, ZHONG Wu 2026, 15 (3):  271-274.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.016 Abstract ( 63 )   PDF (553KB) ( 28 )   Save Ankle joint fractures are a common type of intra-articular fractures in orthopedics, often accompanied by lower tibiofibular joint injury. The choice of fixation method directly affects the quality of fracture healing and joint function reconstruction. Currently, clinical internal fixation methods for lower tibiofibular joint injury mainly fall into two categories： rigid internal fixation and elastic internal fixation. Rigid internal fixation, as an absolutely rigid fixation, possesses significant advantages in terms of rigid stability, but it completely blocks the physiological movement of the lower tibiofibular joint and has limitations such as the risk of screw breakage and secondary removal. Elastic fixation methods, represented by the button-suture fixation system, titanium cable looping fixation, and high-strength suture + Nice knot fixation, can effectively preserve physiological micromotion and reduce stress shielding, becoming the mainstream direction in clinical applications in recent years. Previous literature has mostly been limited to horizontal comparisons of single surgical techniques. This article systematically reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of various internal fixation methods, changes in indications, and the latest research controversies, providing evidence-based guidance for the selection of internal fixation methods for ankle joint fractures with lower tibiofibular joint injury in clinical practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Education and management on public health

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Teaching practice of surgical debridement through case-based learning ZHANG Chuanxin, SHEN Hongliang, WANG Zhinong, LI Zhenjie 2026, 15 (3):  275-279.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.017 Abstract ( 44 )   PDF (654KB) ( 94 )   Save Objective To explore the application effect of case-based learning in surgical debridement teaching, and to provide a practical basis for the teaching reform of basic surgical skills. Methods A total of 327 five-year undergraduate students majoring in clinical medicine from Grade 2023 of our university were selected and randomly divided into an observation group （163 cases） and a control group （164 cases）. The control group received traditional large-class theoretical lectures combined with surgical video observation, while the observation group was taught with case-based learning. After teaching. the modified Direct Observation of Procedural Skills （DOPS） scale was used to evaluate operational skills, and the Visual Analogue Scale （VAS） was used to collect students’ subjective learning experience. Independent sample t-test was used for measurement data, and χ² test was used for enumeration data. Results The DOPS scores of preoperative preparation, mastery of debridement operation, aseptic operation specification, postoperative treatment, and overall operation performance in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the direct operation time and teaching feedback time were significantly shorter （P<0.05）. VAS evaluation showed that the proportions of positive evaluations in clinical learning interest, self-study ability improvement, knowledge mastery, learning initiative, and problem-solving ability in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Case-based learning can address problems of gap between theory and clinical practice, overemphasis on operation over thinking, and passive learning in traditional debridement teaching. It can effectively improve the debridement skills and clinical thinking of medical students, works better than the traditional teaching mode, and can be applied in basic surgical courses. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Medical instrument

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Application of quality control circle activities in shortening turn-around time of HCG test CAI Meihua, LIU Yuan, ZHANG Peng 2026, 15 (3):  280-285.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.018 Abstract ( 50 )   PDF (1017KB) ( 22 )   Save Objective To shorten the turn-around time （TAT） of human chorionic gonadotropin （HCG） test and to improve laboratory efficiency and patient experience by integrating quality control circle activities in hospital laboratory settings. Methods The quality control circle management tool was adopted. A multidisciplinary team was established and a series of standardized steps including status survey, target setting, cause analysis, countermeasure implementation, and effect verification were implemented to systematically optimize the HCG testing workflow on chemistry-immunoassay system. Results After implementation, the average TAT of HCG test was reduced from（262±89.6） min to （130±4.0） min （P<0.05）, with a decrease of 50.4%. The TAT of early pregnancy outpatient visit decreased from 354 min to 174 min, and that of family planning department decreased from 221 min to 133 min. The reagent loss rate decreased from 8% to 7%. Conclusion Through pre-dilution workflow optimization and software automation, HCG test TAT is significantly shortened, accompanied by notable enhancements in both quality and cost control, providing a replicable paradigm for laboratory process optimization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Project management theory and its application in hospital tendering processes WU Jiachun 2026, 15 (3):  286-291.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.019 Abstract ( 55 )   PDF (1064KB) ( 19 )   Save This paper introduced the process and key components of project management, providing commonly used tools for practical implementation across seven aspects including objective definition, task decomposition, and responsibility allocation. Using the hospital crane tower tendering process as a concrete example, it elaborated on the comprehensive application of project management theory and tools throughout the entire workflow, from objective setting to overall management. Integrating project management theory and tools into hospital tendering processes significantly enhances procedural standardization, efficiency, and success rates, effectively mitigates risks, and ensures alignment between medical equipment procurement and the hospital’s strategic objectives. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Nursing

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Design and clinical application of slot-type upper limb restraint device ZHAO Juhua, LI Xiaojing, QI Yinghui, FAN Liqun, ZHAO Xiaomin, WANG Yingzi 2026, 15 (3):  292-296.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.020 Abstract ( 60 )   PDF (857KB) ( 17 )   Save Objective To develop a slot-type upper limb restraint device and explore its clinical application efficacy. Methods A randomized controlled trial design was adopted. A total of 360 patients who were admitted from December 2024 to December 2025 and required physical restraint were selected. They were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group using a random number table method, with 180 patients in each group. The control group was restrained with traditional cotton-wrapped wrist straps, while the experimental group was restrained with slot-type upper limb restraint devices. The unplanned extubation rate, incidence of restraint-related complications, patients’ restraint experience, and nurses’ evaluation of the use of restraint devices were compared between the two groups. Results The experimental group demonstrated lower rates of unplanned extubation and restraint-related complications, higher nurses’ ratings on the convenience, safety, and operational difficulty of the restraint devices, and better patients’ restraint experience than the control group. All differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion The slot-type upper limb restraint device can effectively reduce the unplanned extubation rate and restraint-related complications, improve patients’ restraint experience, and enhance the operational efficiency of nurses, which has significant clinical application and promotion value. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Case report

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Nursing care of a patient with penile and scrotal tears combined with testicular dislocation surgery CHEN Jinlong, CHEN Guoqiang, XIE Yuzhen 2026, 15 (3):  297-300.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-378X.2026.03.021 Abstract ( 47 )   PDF (752KB) ( 91 )   Save Penile and scrotal tears combined with testicular dislocation, if not treated in a timely manner or cared for improperly, can lead to serious infection or risk of testicular resection on the affected side, and may even be life-threatening. At present, there is no systematic and specialized introduction to such surgical nursing. This article reported the nursing care of a patient who underwent emergency surgery for penile and scrotal tears combined with testicular dislocation, in order to provide experience to improve care for such surgeries. References | Related Articles | Metrics