Table of Content

28 June 2014, Volume 3 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Original articles

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Chronic inflammation and gallbladder cancer 2014, 3 (2):  79-81.  Abstract ( 105 )   PDF (527KB) ( 245 )   Save Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common biliary tract malignancy with an extremely poor prognosis. Epidemiological data have demonstrated that chronic inflammation resulting from infection of gallbladder or gallstones predispose individuals to GBC. Recent studies have begun to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying the development of GBC in the setting of chronic inflammation. It is possible that persistently local inflammatory reactions may contribute to the development and progression of GBC through inducing genetic alterations, and subsequent promoting survival and proliferation of mutated sells, inhibiting apoptosis, stimulating angiogenesis and metastasis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Surgical Treatments for Laparoscopic Bile Duct Injury Yue-Zu FAN 2014, 3 (2):  82-87.  Abstract ( 111 )   PDF (1230KB) ( 292 )   Save to discuss the diagnosis, prevention and treatment methods for laparoscopic bile duct injury through the analysis of physiological, anatomical, pathological and technical factors of laparoscopic bile duct injury, and to think that laparoscopic bile duct injury can be prevented and treated by strengthening preoperative and postoperative management, on the base of full understanding the causes of bile duct injury, the normal anatomy and anatomy variation of the biliary tree, and specification of laparoscopic operation technology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Safety and cognitive function study of low-dose Ketamine applying for pediatric patients 2014, 3 (2):  96-98.  Abstract ( 183 )   PDF (568KB) ( 306 )   Save to study the safety and early cognitive function with propofol combined with low-dose ketamine in children sedation during dressing change. Methods eighty case 4-9 years old pediatric patients were selected, and randomly divided into two groups(n=40). A group: ketamine 1.0mg/kg+lipid emulsion (used as control), B group: ketamine 0.5 mg/kg+propofol 0.5 mg/kg, intravenous injection before dressing change. The time for continuous sedative, the time for orientation recovery, body movement and incidence of nausea following operation. Results ketamine can be safely used for dressing change in both groups’ children. The time for continuous sedative and the time for orientation recovery in group B significant less than in group A, postoperative cognitive function showed no significant difference on 6 hours; but body movement and incidence of nausea following dressing change were significantly less in group B, comparing with group A. Conclusions propofol combined with low-doses ketamine can be safely used in pediatric dressing change, and not affect early cognitive function on six hours following dressing change and reduce the incidence of nausea. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of CT in gastric wall thickening 2014, 3 (2):  99-103.  Abstract ( 326 )   PDF (927KB) ( 1160 )   Save [Abstract] Objective To explore the CT findings and differential diagnosis of gastric wall thickening.Methods The CT findings of 82 cases of gastric lesions confirmed by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively, compared with normal gastric wall thickness. And to the extent of gastric wall thickness, morphology to identify the characteristics of the CT findings.Results Of the 82 cases 45 were with gastric carcinoma ,17with gastric lymphoma ,12 with gastric stromal tumor ,8 with gastritis. 82 cases with gastric wall thickening were divided into seven groups:group 1 banding type (30), group 2 mass type (14), group3 nodular type (5) ,group 4 ulcerative type (10) , group 5 irregular type (8) , group 6 coral type (0), group 7 mixed type (15).Conclusion CT findings of gastric wall thickening has important value in diagnosis of gastric lesions. With the extent of gastric wall thickening, morphology can be improved imaging diagnosis and differential diagnosis of gastric lesions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis of 27 death cases undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting 2014, 3 (2):  104-107.  Abstract ( 119 )   PDF (510KB) ( 490 )   Save Objective To explore the risk factors correlated with post CABG (coronary artery bypass grafting)inpatient mortalitycases. Methods Data obtained from27clinical cases was first evaluated using SinoSCORE to justify surgical risks and then was analyzed with retrospective methodology.Statistical analysis was employed to analyze fatal complication, death time, and clinical risk factors. Results Atotal of 1146 cases was analyzed. Results from SinoSCORE evaluation showed that 6 cases were categorized as low risk level, while 5 were within moderate level, and 16 cases at a high risk level. Among 1146 cases, a 2.36% mortality rate was detected. Additionally, 3 cases occurred during the surgery, 5 cases occurred within 48h after the surgery (caused by circulatory failure), and 19 cases occurred after 48h of the surgery (caused bymultiple organ failure due to functional failure in both lung and renal). The main reason in elder women death cases was due to lung function failure caused by pulmonary infection. Conclusion TheSinoSCOREevaluation system provided indicated a predictive effect for the surgical results. The main reason of deaths was caused by the functional failure of heart, lung and cerebrum. Patient based precaution should be aware during the CABG perioperative period in order to provide individualized treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and fabrication of rib prosthesis with full geometric shape based on CT scan and rapid prototyping 2014, 3 (2):  108-114.  Abstract ( 128 )   PDF (992KB) ( 253 )   Save 【Abstract】 Objectives To design and fabricate rib prosthesis with full geometric shape based on digital imaging technique and rapid prototyping and measure the accuracy of rib prosthesis．　Methods　　The CT images with DICOM format of right 8th rib of canine were transformed to images with STL format by OsiriX software and further modified and transformed to files with IGS format by UG software. The canine rib prosthesis were manufactured with photosensitive materials. The rib prosthesis and dogs’ authentic rib were scanned by three dimensional laser scanning system and analyzed by Geomagic Qualify software. With the authentic rib as the template, we set the deviation within ±0.5mm. The report was automatically generated judging the difference. 　Results　　The canine rib prostheses with full geometric shape were obtained. About 30 thousands point cloud data was acquired .The average deviation was +0.243/-0.166mm and the standard deviation was +0.324mm between the prosthesis and authentic ribs. About 70.31% of point cloud data range from -0.167 to +0.167, 69% of standard deviation of point cloud data range from -1 to +1, 93% of standard deviation of point cloud data range from -2 to +2.　　Conclusions　　It is feasible to design and fabricate rib prosthesis with full geometric shape based on CT scan combined with rapid prototyping, which is rapid,direct and accurate. The prosthesis matches almost completely the shape of the authentic rib. Improvement should be made based on the deviation suggested by the scanning. Related Articles | Metrics

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The clinical significance of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in patients with breast cancer 2014, 3 (2):  115-118.  Abstract ( 124 )   PDF (549KB) ( 332 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on treatment methods based on different stages for plasma cell mastitis Yue-Zu FAN 2014, 3 (2):  119-121.  Abstract ( 140 )   PDF (499KB) ( 599 )   Save Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment methods based on different stages for plasma cell mastitis (PCM). Methods A total of 46 patients with PCM from September 2010 to January 2014 in Shanghai Xuhui District Dahua Hospital were investigated; different clinical stages of plasma cell mastitis were treated by using different methods including drugs, surgical drainage or surgical removal. Results Different clinical stages of PCM were recovered after treatments based on different stages. Conclusion Treatment methods for plasma cell mastitis should be based on different clinical stages in order to increase cure rate and reduce the recurrence rate of plasma cell mastitis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expressions of HER-2 and Ki-67 in breast cancer with ER negative 2014, 3 (2):  122-125.  Abstract ( 155 )   PDF (484KB) ( 769 )   Save [Abstract] Objective To investigate the relations between the gene expression of PR, HER-2 and Ki-67 in invasive ductal breast cancer with ER negative and clinical pathological indexes. Methods One thousand three hundred thirty nine cases with invasive breast cancer were selected. Among them, there were 403 cases with ER negative. PR, HER-2 and Ki-67 expression were analysed by the Spearman rank correlation. At the same time, relations between PR, HER-2 and Ki-67 expression and clinic indexes were retrospectively analysed. Results The positive rates of PR, HER-2 and Ki-67 were 8.9%（36/403）、26.8%（108/403）and 98.3%（396/403）, respectively. The expression of PR had statistical differences between age, tumor sizes and the expression of P53 (P <0.05), and had not statistical differences in histologic grade and lymph node metastasis (P >0.05). However, the expression of HER-2 was significantly statistical differences in clinic indexes (P <0.05). Moreover, the expressions between PR, HER-2 and Ki-67 were also correlated. Finally, the expressions between Ki-67 and HER-2 were significantly correlative(r =0.941，P =0.000). Conclusion The expressions of HER-2 are related with clinical pathological features in breast cancer with ER negative. The expression of Ki-67 can be regarded as an important index for the expression condition of HER-2. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Orthognathic surgery and rigid internal fixation in mandibular old fractures 2014, 3 (2):  126-128.  Abstract ( 185 )   PDF (476KB) ( 377 )   Save Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of treatment of mandibular old fractures. Method From April 2010 to May 2013, 11 cases of mandibular old fractures were treated with Orthognathic surgery and rigid internal fixation. According to the imaging data, model of surgical,Osteotomy site and rigid internal fixation were taken to restore normal occlusion. Fracture healing were evaluated by the X-ray and Clinical efficacy by Occlusion , bite force and joint mouth of the inferior temporal postoperatively. Result Fractures healed six months postoperatively by X-ray. Occlusion , bite force and infratemporal joint is good. One patient , although the degree of mouth and face shape is good, poor bite joints,was treated by Orthodontics Orthotics after internal fixation for eight months. Overall patients excellent rate of is 90.9%.. Conclusion Orthognathic surgical techniques and rigid internal fixation of mandibular fractures provide secondary anatomical reduction and get a reliable guarantee for restoration of normal occlusion , open-closed function and facial appearance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis of two methods in the treatment of rectal prolapse of three degrees 2014, 3 (2):  135-137.  Abstract ( 132 )   PDF (527KB) ( 259 )   Save Objective To investigate the two kinds of surgical treatment of rectal prolapse three degrees of clinical effect. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data were used in two of 30 cases of surgical treatment of third-degree rectal prolapse patients. Results The surgical treatment group and the control group, no significant difference in cure rate and relapse rate, but in the operative time, blood loss, postoperative bleeding probability significantly better than the control group. Conclusion The method not only ensures that the treatment group and the treatment effect is more simple and convenient, postoperative bleeding does not occur, more secure, worthy of promotion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of GGO less than 10mm in diameter. 2014, 3 (2):  138-141.  Abstract ( 125 )   PDF (493KB) ( 454 )   Save he detection of ground-glass opacity (GGO) is increasingly common. The management of patients with GGO should begin with estimating the probability of cancer from the patient's clinical risk factors and CT characteristics . This article discusses for preoperative diagnosis, surgical procedure and postoperative adjuvant therapy and follow-up of GGO that less than 10 mm in diameter . For those with a high probability of cancer, surgical diagnosis is warranted. Related Articles | Metrics

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Delirium After Cardiac Surgery 2014, 3 (2):  142-144.  Abstract ( 147 )   PDF (463KB) ( 567 )   Save Delirium is a common complication after cardiac surgery, with an increasing incidence as aging of population nowadays. Delirium results in longer hospital stay and is associated with other complications, which might confer negative effects on the outcome. In this review, we summarize recent development of diagnosis methods, incidence, potential risk factors, intervention and outcome in this specific filed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer 2014, 3 (2):  145-148.  Abstract ( 117 )   PDF (503KB) ( 258 )   Save Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death of high morbidity and mortality with poor prognosis. Efficacy of chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy had reached the plateau. The immunotherapies, especially the checkpoint inhibitors, offer a novel approach for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because of its high response rate, less adverse reactions and well tolerance. The purpose of this paper will draw a summary on the theory, effect, toxicity and problems to be solved of the checkpoint inhibitors therapy in NSCLC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances on the relationship between gap junction communication and the cognitive dysfunction 2014, 3 (2):  149-152.  Abstract ( 144 )   PDF (538KB) ( 320 )   Save Gap junction intercellular communication （GJIC) ，mediated by gap junction, is the most directly way to exchange information. Materials , small molecules between two adjacent cells via gap junction communicating each other. Intraventricular hemorrhage injury, ischemic cerebral injury, cerebral trauma and neurodegenerative diseases can lead to central nervous system injury. Cognitive dysfunction is one of the common manifestations after the cerebral injury.With the recent development in molecular biological and electrophysiological study, more and more show that gap junction communication is involved in the process of cognitive dysfunction . Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress in Fracture Blisters 2014, 3 (2):  153-156.  Abstract ( 119 )   PDF (577KB) ( 611 )   Save Fracture blisters are resulted from fracture trauma with large strains applied to the skin during the initial fracture deformation, causing a cleavage injury at the dermo-epidermal junction. There are two types of fracture blisters: clear-filled and blood-filled. Fracture blisters may significantly alter the ideal and/or the final treatment strategy, delay operation, increase wound infection and the final recovery of the patient. This paper reviews the literatures including its prevalence, pathology, mechanisms, prevention and treatment. However, no consensus on blister management was achieved. Related Articles | Metrics